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𝗞𝗮𝗹𝘂𝘇𝗮–𝗞𝗹𝗲𝗶𝗻 𝗖𝗼𝘀𝗺𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗴𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗠𝗼𝗱𝗲𝗹 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗧𝘀𝗮𝗹𝗹𝗶𝘀 𝗛𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗽𝗵𝗶𝗰 𝗗𝗮𝗿𝗸 𝗘𝗻𝗲𝗿𝗴𝘆 𝗶𝗻 𝗳(𝗥, 𝗧) 𝗚𝗿𝗮𝘃𝗶𝘁𝘆

A recent study published in the Journal of the Nigerian Society of Physical Sciences investigated a five-dimensional Kaluza–Klein cosmological model incorporating Tsallis Holographic Dark Energy within f(R, T) gravity. Exact solutions were derived to examine the evolution of the deceleration parameter, energy density, pressure, and equation-of-state parameter. The model showed continuous accelerated expansion, with a negative deceleration parameter throughout the considered redshift range. Statefinder analysis indicated that the model approaches the ΛCDM fixed point asymptotically in the future. The null, weak, and dominant energy conditions were satisfied, while the strong energy condition was violated. However, the effective squared speed of sound remained negative for the selected parameters, indicating classical perturbative instability. The authors therefore note that further observational and perturbative studies are needed to establish the model’s viability.