๐๐๐ฒ๐ป ๐ฉ๐ฒ๐ฟ๐๐ฒ๐ ๐ข๐ฑ๐ฑ ๐๐ฑ๐ด๐ฒ ๐ฅ๐ผ๐ผ๐ ๐ฆ๐พ๐๐ฎ๐ฟ๐ฒ ๐ ๐ฒ๐ฎ๐ป ๐๐ฎ๐ฏ๐ฒ๐น๐ถ๐ป๐ด ๐ผ๐ณ ๐ฆ๐ผ๐บ๐ฒ ๐๐๐ฐ๐น๐ฒ-๐ฅ๐ฒ๐น๐ฎ๐๐ฒ๐ฑ ๐๐ฟ๐ฎ๐ฝ๐ต๐
A recent study published in the Journal of the Nigerian Society of Physical Sciences investigates even vertex odd edge root square mean labeling for selected cycle-related graphs. The work assigns distinct even labels to vertices and distinct odd labels to edges using a root square mean condition, then applies this framework to ladder graphs, tadpole graphs, polygon-chain graphs, dumbbell graphs, cycle graphs joined by an edge, and sunlet graphs. Through constructive examples, the study shows that these graph families admit the required labeling under specified conditions, expanding the class of known EVOERSML graphs. This work contributes to graph labeling theory, combinatorial structures, algebraic graph theory, and future applications in network analysis and combinatorial design.
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